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Rationalism Rationalism is the theory that reason is the sole source of knowledge. It is often associated with the use of mathematical and scientific methods in philosophy, as opposed to the approach of empiricism.
Opal Opal occurs in several varieties, some of which are used as gemstones. Precious opals are white, milky blue, yellow, or black and show shifting colors like those seen in oil slicks. They are found in Hungary, Mexico, Honduras, and parts of Australia.
Inferiority Complex Inferiority complex is a general feeling of personal inadequacy and unworthiness. A person who has an inferiority complex may behave in a very timid manner or he may try to mask his feelings of inferiority behind an aggressive show of superiority.
EmpiricismEmpiricism is the theory which, in opposition to rationalism, regards sense perception as the sole test of knowledge. From it are derived the terms empirical knowledge, which is knowledge gained through experience, and empirical method, or the method of acquiring knowledge through observation and experiment.
Gaul Ancient Gaul comprised of what is now France, Belgium and parts of the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany.
FixationRigid or inflexible type of behavior, sometimes thought to result from a crisis in early development. According to this theory, frustrations can temporarily or permanently arrest a child's psychological growth because he has not yet developed an understanding of the world about him.These frustrations can result in fixations, with the adult showing character traits associated with the stage at which fixation occurred. If a child has difficulties with toilet training, for instance, he may become a compulsive or 'anal' personality in adult life, characterized by excessive cleanliness or meanness.
Divination Manipulation of material objects in the belief that they can foretell the future or explain natural catastrophes. The ancient Romans, for example, used the entrails of dead pigeons to assess whether their armies would be successful in war.
CommunityA group of people held together by different things which they share. Beyond this there is little agreement about the term, although most sociologists would agree that a common locality and life-style, a degree of autonomy and some depth of association over time are important factors.
Aurora Aurora, a phenomenon of the Arctic or Antarctic skies, known in the N. Hemisphere as the Aurora Borealis, and in the S. Hemisphere as the Aurora Australis. The term A. Polaris is sometimes used to include both. The Aurora usually occurs as an arc, or band, of white or colored light over the magnetic meridian, at a height of between 50 and 250 m., though in a sun-illumined atmosphere the light has been traced up to a height of 600 m. It appears doubtful whether it extends below the clouds.
Realismrealism, in philosophy, a term used in two different ways to refer to the relation between ideas and reality. The word is used in metaphysics, which studies the nature of reality, to refer to the view that ideas are the basic reality, existing independently of both man's mind and the physical world.
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